Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings.Civil engineering is the oldest engineering discipline after military engineering,and it was defined to distinguish non-military engineering from military engineering. It is traditionally broken into several sub-disciplines,including environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, geophysics, geodesy, control engineering, structural engineering, biomechanics, nanotechnology, transportation engineering, earth science, atmospheric sciences, forensic engineering, municipal or urban engineering, water resources engineering, materials engineering, coastal engineering,surveying, and construction engineering. Civil engineering takes place on all levels: in the public sector from municipal through to national governments, and in the private sector from individual homeowners through to international companies.
Civil engineers are employed in all the major construction projects carried out by the state or central government like the public works departments (PWD), the railways and military. Civil Engineers are mostly required in private construction and real estate companies as project engineers. Civil Engineers can find the opportunities in any of the following category
- As Project Engineer (Construction), responsible for planning, building large structures such as power plants, cement factory, over bridges etc.
- Structural design engineer, to design the large structures
- Computer Aided Design Engineer, to design the structural members using advanced CAD Packages
- As Environmental engineer, involving in environmental impact assessment, water resources management, pollution control, waste management or the planning and design of engineering facilities to minimize their impact on the environment.
- Research and Development Engineer, researching in advanced, cost effective & pollution free construction materials
- Urban planning engineer, to plan for housing colonies, industrial layouts , water & sewage systems for urban / semi-urban areas.